David Delene: Welcome to the last week of the Semester well, except for finals.
David Delene: So.
David Delene: How high is a river.
David Delene: let's check it out here.
David Delene: Oh yeah I didn't even get back up before you said it's heading down.
David Delene: 45.4 to what was the other crafts, there was a little bit higher by seven day get 46 years.
David Delene: yeah What if I point it does anybody know how much brain grand forks garden or April manage these one inch go higher.
David Delene: They got over six inches of rain highest on record.
David Delene: lago have a second highest yes it's like it's a tiger snowfall.
David Delene: The previous record was like 5.4 now we have like 6.2 or 6.4 it's really high so we threw over record by law.
David Delene: So that's why we got this water in the river.
David Delene: So.
David Delene: Keep an eye on it it's going to go down by next Tuesday, maybe next week we'll have our bridges back, we can use to cross the River for us that have to go to Minnesota them.
David Delene: um.
David Delene: The other thing that I wanted to share for can on.
David Delene: site, let me stop hi dad.
David Delene: Is does anybody know what slashdot is.
David Delene: This you guys are not enough of a computer nerd geek thing.
David Delene: So, so I thought is like news for nerds like a few people and scientists and stuff it's important things.
David Delene: On the news site so.
David Delene: Because you have no a slash.me.
David Delene: So it's a it's like a news aggregator but it's more of a discussion forum so.
David Delene: And so they got an article about Saudi Arabia and a monster cloud seeding operations, so they finally have the operations actually go on and on.
David Delene: And so, this is a group, we hope that there's some research where.
David Delene: and
David Delene: They put out a public release.
David Delene: And they summarize the articles so it's very used to take a lot of part of the article.
David Delene: And then I don't know what an Arab news.
David Delene: So anybody recognize them.
David Delene: Okay them on a double racks.
David Delene: So.
David Delene: So we got the where's.
David Delene: The operations begin in the skies over Saudi Arabia.
David Delene: So.
David Delene: Whenever casements so I put a link to it.
David Delene: and
David Delene: So if you want, we check out for it, maybe you can get a job go and fly these seen in airplanes and Saudi Arabia.
David Delene: The other thing.
David Delene: Okay, no more assignments so each post i've gotten your assignment test last week.
David Delene: i'm above.
David Delene: So I hoped to get through these.
David Delene: Three rex's today I go fast and I keep you here for extra couple minutes, maybe get through our communities and then we'll kind of be done, but.
David Delene: I figure with in with kind of actually started on the first Thursday I asked some easy to come back and we're going to discuss one of the flights on July.
David Delene: 8 so I got the radar data you guys know all about the seed in the radar operations will go over this one case study to enough the Semester kind of put everything together that you burn today and.
David Delene: So.
David Delene: And we can hopefully everybody will have taken the exam three by then we can review that and discuss the final exam.
David Delene: which will be comprehensive, probably 100 questions multiple choice, like the other ones who had equally weighted throughout the whole course.
David Delene: And stuff like that, and I think I open up the exam wanted to so that you can look at it and also respond as groser.
David Delene: Someone requested that before you can look at them when I guess you haven't used to expand this browser so no I took that off, so you should be able to see the.
David Delene: exam was one and two and then we'll open up exam three so you can go back and study out in questions.
David Delene: And then we'll have the exam is next Tuesday at 1pm.
David Delene: As soon as in this room right.
David Delene: I wish I had the time.
David Delene: Right correct me if i'm wrong Tuesday.
David Delene: yeah Tuesday at one.
David Delene: and
David Delene: I got a few people that can't make it so let me know if you can't make it at that time, or you have for the exams that they can work something else.
David Delene: But one one week from now, so this thing one week we'll be done with the class.
David Delene: Okay i'm recording.
David Delene: On zoom.
David Delene: I got a bunch of people on zoom.
David Delene: If there's any.
David Delene: i'm trying to find my chat and.
David Delene: um any questions about the exam but the class.
David Delene: prophesied in Saudi Arabia.
David Delene: Say hi.
David Delene: I am learning to try now to open up about.
David Delene: Nice cuties.
David Delene: Okay, now I can watch a chat and this.
and
David Delene: Sharing the screen everybody can see the screen.
David Delene: Okay.
David Delene: three topics left is skewed he's kinda.
David Delene: upper Estonians.
David Delene: For the weather, very important for understanding the observations and if we're going to have convection.
David Delene: For.
David Delene: cloud seeding so you have balloons.
David Delene: To make the measurements and try to keep you to the basics, so that when you sit in a weather forecast and they put up the ski plots from the moonstone and to have an idea of what they're talking about.
David Delene: And I got a picture here of some of us with the balloons that we did outside a preferred hall last summer, so we are flying radio sons, but also imagine ozone.
David Delene: And then you have the picture of that where you have the temperature and the dew point and we'll go into the details of how to understand this somewhat complicated.
David Delene: diagram so the way to display upper air observations.
David Delene: kind of not just surface observations, so you have surface observations and typically upper air balloon observations.
David Delene: And their views with these were the devices I showed you one last time I forgot to bring one today.
David Delene: This one's an ozone sciences, a little bigger but usually small would have packages that have a temperature humidity sensor and get pressured wins.
David Delene: and
David Delene: There you go I just summarize what they measure.
David Delene: wind speed wind direction pressure and the pressure of heights and they have a GPS tracker so.
David Delene: that's the measurement so.
David Delene: We typically practice on some type of short.
David Delene: way back when they used to do this by hand.
David Delene: And how people that would sit in rooms, with the jacket and ties that that.
David Delene: brought up the data or there so.
David Delene: Now we do with computers.
David Delene: plot and analyze the data.
David Delene: We transmit the data down into the store and then there's a couple of things that typically day songs will download data every two seconds, or something so.
David Delene: Lots of data can get down thing, but you have some mandatory levels certain heights that you want to know the values of.
David Delene: And then some significant levels, what is significant changes so question might be, you know what's the significance level would be when is a rapid change in temperature or some parameter.
David Delene: So this is typically we have a standard spot for this.
David Delene: That would cause you to pee.
David Delene: sort of coordinates of pressure, so this is kind of a very.
David Delene: Different product and you're usually just thinking of an XY type of plot where you would have some.
David Delene: parameter maybe pressure in time or something.
David Delene: So the first thing is that there's a pressure is loving the rhythmic on.
David Delene: The y axis so that's how you have these so from 1000 to 900 is close here, but then from let's say 400 to 300 there's a lot more distance that's the log type of scale.
David Delene: So you have more distance because, as the ballooning sense it slows down and you get more measurements up higher so you want that log scale.
David Delene: And then the temperature is coded skew because the temperatures are 45 degrees, so if you see along this axis, you see these blue lines or the temperatures.
David Delene: Okay, so they don't go across here they go on these blue lines for what the temperature is so you want to pop the temperature for the red ones you got to find the pressure and then you read off that it's like 12.
David Delene: Celsius here.
David Delene: For.
David Delene: That, and the reason we do that is easy identify stable layers.
David Delene: So.
David Delene: easy to identify.
David Delene: You know the pressure and keep it constant.
David Delene: So, no to this very slowly again.
David Delene: Here, as we go through and build this up.
David Delene: So we have fresh.
David Delene: Right so ma so when is your aircraft fry 30,000 feet what crusher is that.
David Delene: I heard something.
David Delene: Very.
Well let's.
David Delene: let's try Guild wars.
David Delene: So.
David Delene: yeah it's probably a little bit lower depends what they're up there, we had a male wars or $200 million in that range look at that for standard atmosphere.
David Delene: So that's why we pressurize irons grades right so.
David Delene: We have them the pressure goes up on the vertical axis.
David Delene: And then the temperatures so here it's just a temperature that increases here.
David Delene: But you have 40 Celsius all the way down to minus 60 so that will cover up to 200 doors.
David Delene: um and they are on these vertical axis so evaluate here would be for the middle of ours minus 10 temperature.
David Delene: So they might have two main ordinance, but we want to add some more information.
David Delene: Which is the dry at back racks late.
David Delene: Change in temperature with.
David Delene: height is about 10 degrees.
David Delene: see her kilometer.
David Delene: So this is how, if you have a dry atmosphere, the temperature would be increased with by height Member you go up a kilometer and a temperature goes down by 10.
You can we see.
David Delene: is also constant potential temperature.
David Delene: wines, you can look at.
David Delene: Which is kind of a normal rise.
David Delene: temperature, I would say, constant.
David Delene: Potential temperature because it's a concert quantity.
David Delene: It can go up and down if your constant potential temperature surfaces.
David Delene: mythological terms, the main thing is is thinking about the I dry at the Vatican laughs rates and they are given by these curved lines.
David Delene: So so so lapse rate and so what's the importance of that, why do we care about these lines that kind of extend down here from the surface and as they go up.
David Delene: To dry lab sway.
David Delene: Yes, so this is how, if you have a password fall them lines, so you can move along them lines as long as you're not adding any heat from or taken away from.
David Delene: diabetic.
David Delene: processes that involve water, so if you're going to Nice dry atmosphere, no clouds.
David Delene: The parcels will fall on these lives, so they equally potential they can move and stay of our biggest joy about.
David Delene: So we modify this with a pseudo at back.
David Delene: So lines of constant saturated aerobatic laps wait, so the idea for a saturated process like clouds you follow this you take a crowd or bigger as a condensed this water events, the.
David Delene: drop without to get bigger until you find produce rain So the sooner at a bath take into account clouds So these are the lines that are kind of curve.
David Delene: And you give these pseudo heated battle lines on how the parcels for to follow.
David Delene: equipment attention to kind of alluded to this before.
David Delene: Constant for a saturated Vedic process.
David Delene: So suit at back to also lines of constant improvement potential temperature, so this potential temperature any equivalent potential temperature so equivalent involves water water vapor.
David Delene: So that's the difference if it's dry, it would work at a potential temperature and the equivalent one would involve water and the suit at bass lines of constant be potential temperature So these are lines of the parcels would fall fall.
David Delene: So concern for saturate process so that means you don't have to give up or or take away everything so that idea is that the same amount of water can contain into the parcel you don't have to add in remove the water if it's a long one, and use lines.
David Delene: i'm.
David Delene: mixing ratio is the mass of the.
David Delene: amount of water and air to the mono mass of the dry.
David Delene: Air parcel.
David Delene: And it's conserve for dry at Vedic ascent.
David Delene: And so we can launch add them lines on here constant.
David Delene: mix and ratio lines.
David Delene: are given here.
David Delene: and
David Delene: So then, if you put all these lines together.
David Delene: You have a whole bunch of these.
David Delene: wines that you can fall for different processes, so this is for the meat hour just to really understand and see how.
David Delene: The atmosphere is and how far you can with the parcel from the surface, for example.
David Delene: And unless you use your plot.
David Delene: temperature and viewpoint temperature so what's temperatures.
here.
David Delene: To form.
David Delene: From water drop so let's do this water not ice.
David Delene: And so.
David Delene: And if you have a dupe point temperature equal to the air temperature, what does that mean.
David Delene: False yes we're in crowd or a saturated so what you can look for is you can look here to see where your layers when it comes close together.
David Delene: This is where your layers of clouds will be, and then it dries out a lot, so you have to do point weird falls off compared to the temperature So there you can look and say, well, my clouds are going to be here between 807 hundred million doors.
David Delene: And in a lot of times you're also translate that into a height for the atmosphere, but that way you know where to go and fly Okay, if I were to five tops of these files.
David Delene: You know what I hate this i'm working at the songs so you know, should I want you to our tutor 9000 feet or 10,000 feet.
David Delene: able, if you want to get to the tops of the products.
David Delene: And you can see how much water that is in this atmosphere.
David Delene: So that's one of the main things you look at.
David Delene: For these.
David Delene: For the weather modification and and then also see how high, that is, how much water is in the the atmosphere to see.
David Delene: If it's saturated, but a lot of times I just look at you know how on moisture is.
David Delene: So, so this layer here.
David Delene: Of these clouds.
David Delene: What do you think would be the difference between, say summertime North Dakota and say.
David Delene: I don't know if I see eight may think me, as we have fall it's now we have thunderstorms may and North Dakota compared to what I was mentioning earlier, which is making Saudi Arabia.
David Delene: Or do you think these this layer of temperature and do point would change if you went from here to a place like Saudi Arabia was nice and hot dry.
David Delene: yeah so it's what drives which that the surface let's say that this summer, the awesome clouds what, what do you expect them clouds to be do you think they will be, at the same level, I am lower.
David Delene: yeah so a lot of times they are higher you can get to them do points, but that elevated so a lot of times you get higher clouds and you see that change and also even in North Dakota that right, so what would your expected to go from like May and June and July I go up.
David Delene: proud proud high school wise your see them so that's what we use why we want to look at this.
David Delene: Also, someone severe cold April has been one of our coldest months in April.
David Delene: So sometimes you can have a coach you.
David Delene: Okay, and that will dictate where the call basis so they're not always the same so that's the importance of the.
David Delene: songs to have.
David Delene: So maybe i'll make up a question about.
David Delene: The application so any any other questions about these magical.
David Delene: we're kind of.
David Delene: blocks that meet our just like to use.
David Delene: Put a whole bunch of data and then some lot of times they also like, and the first one, I didn't put at the end.
David Delene: But hear about a time to put the winds.
David Delene: along here, sometimes they add in the actual heights.
David Delene: But a lot of times are not in feet, too, so I have to convert from your suburb of Melbourne as to what that is in terms of feet.
David Delene: And there's a lot of in this season as a lot of things I could tell you about how much.
David Delene: potential that is the form the crowds the winds help with the sheer So you can see how much wind shear it is that helps a form bigger thunderstorms l look at that.
David Delene: So.
David Delene: you're just a word of introduction again to skew teas when you see a word of we offend.
David Delene: You can.
David Delene: I do remember this whole lot of information given on one of these.
David Delene: But I think the most important is looking where the five layers will be.
David Delene: Okay.
questions.
David Delene: We need to get into the next one.
David Delene: Is daily operations is the title.
David Delene: get out of this one.
David Delene: Stop okay stop that one.
David Delene: I gave you all my stuff at the beginning.
David Delene: Very operations don't have too many slides for this one, but.
David Delene: Show you some nice pictures of what you might see fight on these thunderstorms.
David Delene: and go over what a bit about.
David Delene: decision making and how you decide on what to do.
David Delene: For different.
Conditions.
David Delene: So they have these daily decision ladders or processes that you go through.
David Delene: For each day and so before you call your plane and get ready to go flying.
David Delene: You probably be subjected to a weather week in may have one in securities in it, so you want to look and see what the weather briefings about and typically the.
David Delene: The end of that is what's The plan is it a.
David Delene: You know, go.
David Delene: To.
David Delene: Stand by we're going to have like the operations today.
David Delene: So they got different ideas of these ladders, you can put in.
David Delene: conditioner patrol louder.
David Delene: And so, if you do decide that there's something in me always it says, all this stuff too.
David Delene: Far fly you get to do some.
David Delene: strategy where even is deploy.
David Delene: A cuckoo even their weather watch.
David Delene: and basically you get to this watching the weather, and we did this a lot and like when we did a podcast operations in.
David Delene: Eastern part of.
David Delene: North Dakota we go off and we get our whenever we finish up 10 o'clock, then you just start to watch all the clouds developer see you see them visually outside you see them develop on the satellites.
David Delene: And once you get that significant the product development of me some vertical development.
David Delene: Then you go to you know, are you going to go fly.
David Delene: And you find a store in until the story ends and then you start the whole process again in terms of.
David Delene: The next day and, of course, if you do fly you have reports and stuff to do.
David Delene: So this kind of a standard process that you get used to doing these operations and we do the same thing, like if we do research.
David Delene: will have the same table, where everything so when I did my snow storm for an impact you start out with the whatever we fence, you know we fence about the airframe.
David Delene: And then we'll have time to go fly will go do.
David Delene: The flights and then you have reports to do so it's very similar type of operations.
David Delene: So the other one.
David Delene: To think about when you're doing these operations are.
David Delene: They have I don't think we talked about this before, but see this but suspension criteria.
David Delene: So.
David Delene: Just because you have clouds that you can go see to make a preceptor.
David Delene: doesn't mean you actually want to put operations, so if it's very well so am I stirred.
David Delene: No.
David Delene: So why make.
David Delene: Excuse me, why would you have to see them time right now and we have fun We have lots of water on the fields.
David Delene: High soil moisture.
David Delene: You wouldn't want to do to Seton.
David Delene: um you know.
David Delene: What stage if you're doing an agricultural.
David Delene: operations, you know the growth and the susceptibility of the crops to hail damage is also important.
David Delene: The next one, is for the North Dakota project, you know or they're.
David Delene: likely to have hailstones do bow or there might be to have waited enhancement possibilities.
David Delene: And then.
David Delene: You know date i'm seating for the rain enhancement.
David Delene: So you know each one of these is any suspension criteria if the issue to stop there.
David Delene: Otherwise, you know North Dakota project would look at the arrow development versus their first priority.
David Delene: You do that, and then you have the second priority.
David Delene: So that's kind of the control ladder.
David Delene: And then you you figure out what strategy you use for these operations.
David Delene: So that's why each one of these are you know strategies for how reduction in a strategy for rating as.
David Delene: So first you need to decide what you want to do.
David Delene: You go through.
David Delene: The air or rain increase ladders.
David Delene: So you look at radar data.
David Delene: You know how fast the stones move in lines of ECHO patterns.
David Delene: Look at the regions.
David Delene: And you can observe them with radar and then there's aircraft observations as.
David Delene: Well, most of them are so the radar indicators are usually done by the meteorologists are looking at the radar but the aircraft observations are what the piracy right, so you want to focus on that.
David Delene: You know.
David Delene: So you want to look at the crowds you know all the distinguishing.
David Delene: distinguish your feet of crowds are franklin's So you can see that, when you fly up to the files.
David Delene: You know, we got some pictures what they look like.
David Delene: Also, if your friend near the base, you can find that you know get up next to the crowds and you see is a strong info.
David Delene: Okay, and so.
David Delene: You know, strong, how much of that info is there.
David Delene: into the crowd.
David Delene: greenish tint I guess I haven't really seen that.
David Delene: But that's what you were what to do, because the right offer is your say okay well looks like a favorable area out here, give you the general idea of where to go.
David Delene: Based upon you know the observations and they can see out the window the satellite radar where's coming into the location, then you go off to that location, but you still have to find a specific area where you see.
David Delene: And sometimes is there's a choice you know to them cross over their work better, are the ones over there, you know, are you Moving on, you know, is it a single.
David Delene: isolate this out, or is it all away a feeder system so they'll make notes of this, but you have to find them areas, so this is what we go over what have been on Thursday is see what a fight tracks are and tried to show you Okay, this is what the radar see in.
David Delene: Okay, this is what the picture looks like out the window.
David Delene: And then, how you move back and forth in them areas.
David Delene: So you want to select the seasons location in rate, so you got to find them location.
David Delene: You know the meteorologist radar they're not going to say go to this specific location and that's where you're going to be seeing.
David Delene: Okay there's a record if we just program a drone or put on automatic pilot.
David Delene: So you gotta find you know which ones that look better.
David Delene: And you have different strategies for the rain increase and you do a hell.
David Delene: You know, for example.
David Delene: So visual clues.
David Delene: frat crowd basis.
David Delene: So you know if you got new brain enhancement These calls are developing, you know frat based crowd basis if it kind of as a mentee.
David Delene: Like a crowded doesn't have a fan base and maybe works good crowds and not develop it so you want to look at that the Chris crowd tops you know the cameras.
David Delene: types of clouds.
David Delene: Are they Nice and Chris.
David Delene: You know and usually, when they're crispy you could see them, but when you watch them for several minutes you'll see them moving up.
David Delene: And we'll be fine up to them and you're like oh boy look at that it's an ancient Bob when it's tune in its development and that's what you want, and sustain info you know you want to find where that info is without air is moving in towards the clouds.
David Delene: So that's what the pirates have to visually observe and you can measure that and on our instruments, you know, but you got to find that area.
David Delene: Because if you're not you don't have the Info you would see there and i'm going to go off into the files.
David Delene: Again, if you're doing called top seed in you know auto call tops off to minus five is, if you put it in this too warm it's not going to activate that for work so there's no point in doing this season.
David Delene: So that's how you decide if you want to see or not.
David Delene: You know, try to look at these these cues.
David Delene: So a few checks that you can read through the the ones you know kobe's high too high, about Apps to warm yes or no, so you just and you don't really say, have the checklist on you just remember what these are and it's a few key ones that you remember to go fine.
David Delene: And then the.
David Delene: last thing is suspicious adventure criteria.
David Delene: You don't see to matic clouds or funnel crowds don't see when you have fun in the area.
David Delene: Like we have now with the picture given here and.
David Delene: You don't see if there's a you don't have the county's authority and stuff for operations in any.
David Delene: Other reason that wouldn't be apparent from access rain or traumatic clouds.
David Delene: And then you can work out for them potential to see how fast.
David Delene: Over rain rain you get and you can kind of see that, from the reflectivity.
David Delene: So what these high reflectivity values you'd want more rain out of the system and then how fast it moves know arena stays in one area will give you that we're.
David Delene: huge amount of rain that can have flooding in that area and you wouldn't want to enhance it any anymore so that's the you know, a criteria that they'll just say okay well we've done seen it for a while.
David Delene: And they complain, even when we're doing research I got a phone call from someone like.
David Delene: Why cloud seeding that honest wet this and as we moisten the fields i'm like yeah when we're not doing an operational program here we're seeing a few pounds and see if it works.
David Delene: And wasn't that.
David Delene: It wasn't like it was Friday, which is, it would have been above normal so.
David Delene: But people will ask you why so you just say no, we don't see that all the time just.
David Delene: Use the rain and if there's a big storm, I can have Friday and we wouldn't want to do mean it has.
David Delene: Okay questions.
David Delene: As I go one more get to.
David Delene: Questions about the operations so cues visionary.
David Delene: i'm looking at the cloud seeing if there's a good info.
David Delene: Okay.
David Delene: And I see none online either.
David Delene: So this is one of my pitches from podcast.
David Delene: So i'll go back over this and go to bed.
David Delene: So I get rid of so here this this space have a.
David Delene: cloud based Nice and flat, or is it kind of we agree.
David Delene: So this is a nice graph proud base.
David Delene: And then you can look at these upper turrets here, so these are the turrets.
David Delene: This point coming up, and this is, of course, is a still picture, but you could focus in on areas like this.
David Delene: and say oh it's just rolling.
David Delene: it's just coming up and it's Nice and isolated here, so you can see, the background.
David Delene: And you see if these are coming up.
David Delene: And is there any ice in this crawlers.
David Delene: knows no ice.
David Delene: So either it's super cool and there's no natural ice Nick right or it's just not old enough, this one are already in that old enough to start with, Richard Yannick silver iodide type of seed in because it's probably he's very top so them i've just getting at the minus file.
David Delene: So you would only be able to do high desktop exceeding.
David Delene: So that's somewhat of a visual clues um.
David Delene: So there's a bunch of stuff like you know figuring out seeing the opportunities the crowd structure.
David Delene: Like criteria for seated you know how much info D, you know you can get 100 200 feet per minute influence, not enough that's a quite carrier howdy new river and then how you knew to see it in procedures and strategies.
David Delene: So for operational programs you see it all possible opportunities.
David Delene: So this is the problem without researchers, we try to assess this there's nothing that's not seeing in the area.
David Delene: So you got to look at a different area.
David Delene: because everything is seated you don't have anything to compare to that is not so.
David Delene: it's hard to do an assessment of what would have happened the crowd because you've seen in everything.
David Delene: And then, of course, the other thing you want to do is produce the maximum effect, you want to have a maximum effect of enhancing rain or suppressing the air.
David Delene: So primary job for the pirates recognize the opportunities, so you gotta find you know, do we have an opportunity here to see.
David Delene: Okay, the meteorologists on the grounds are going to tell you that it so this looks like a possible favorable place to go.
David Delene: But you have to recognize that opportunity, yes or no, and then you got to do over the material Okay, do we have enough material in the right amount at the right time and in the right phrase so.
David Delene: it's very obvious if I ever fire people that don't know how to do is.
David Delene: They go up and oh yeah, we will see today okay well how do you make your decision if it's if you have the opportunity to see how we saw call it quits so they have no idea, they have no criteria to go bar.
David Delene: And then derivative materials right, where are we in info you know where we're going to refund them, I would just put it someplace now.
David Delene: that's that's great we've got to get the right of time and grace with the materials.
David Delene: So what makes a suitable cloud and that depends on your seat and hypothesis what we're looking for what you think will happen.
David Delene: To the seated.
David Delene: So a lot of times we have something we need is like 300 feet per minute after us when we're doing in Ohio Scott exceeded.
David Delene: me mean nice crowd basis, you need nice up drop, so you need isolated call with me to research so that criteria and a lot of times.
David Delene: You see marginal products, you know you're up there ready oh yeah this light work okay when i'm doing research and I want to try see I want to pick ones that I think will work.
David Delene: You know so sometimes that criteria is a little bit different depending on your hypothesis, you know.
David Delene: i'm.
David Delene: So is another picture fine I need the cloud might be when website, if your increase rain see opportunities.
David Delene: What would you what before.
David Delene: So liquid water.
David Delene: Is this.
David Delene: liquid and data is in the cloud updraft is a big one, so that's the Info it needs to be an up with did have that air into the cloud once they get mature they don't have that up with anymore.
David Delene: Typically, lack of ice and the crowd so that they're not too old and mature.
David Delene: You know code code will basis, no basis that are not too high, that the waiver for.
David Delene: The main one is off track and you want to look at that up duff's great.
David Delene: Of the crawlers and, of course, it should have been the case in the clouds.
David Delene: So it's different if you're doing here suppression so here's my nice picture of the air my house a couple of weeks ago.
David Delene: very strong updrafts high water content so remember, we talked about that and get the high liquid water that will wind, the ice crystal.
David Delene: So high reflectivity with Al forecast.
David Delene: And then, is a very unstable atmosphere, so that unstable atmospheres, when we look back with the.
David Delene: The soundings.
David Delene: I reflectivity air and walk into them areas.
David Delene: And then there's different types of the crowds remember we went back, we talked about.
David Delene: The multi cell development for the storms.
David Delene: A lot of times you have these single cells, which is a picture here towering humorous, so this is a chemist crowd what it would a tower, you know you see this vertical extent here it's kind of washed out because the sun's light behind you.
David Delene: But it's isolated.
David Delene: hot topics, you know, are the nation, Chris hard tops on here with these tourists a solid base, where you can really see that it's crab and that way I agree wavy.
David Delene: the depth of the body's crowds lot of times if they're already to 3000 feet deep dive deeper now begin any core essence to develop in there, so you want these 6000 foot.
David Delene: depth and so you can look at that and this one's like a 6000 for the cloud, because you can look at the base, and if you get posted and you can see.
David Delene: You know how high would be get to the top, so you want to visually look at that when you come up to them, and some of the best way is to learn this you know.
David Delene: You know if you fly around as someone like if you're firing as a co pilot as more experienced higher what what does it look like to you to vertical Center that crowd know is that 3000 feet or 6000.
David Delene: lifetime.
David Delene: You know how long is it where.
David Delene: You have 1530 minutes of development don't know what is proud, and then the sheer.
David Delene: Sometimes a shoot off where they're kind of leaning over so you can usually do them either way, but sometimes if they get too much sheared they won't produce a lot of priests if they're not the best seat in progress.
David Delene: You can have multi cell system is kind of that the fetus out of a multi cell system.
David Delene: So the south development sure into the precipitation.
David Delene: You know the new cell development closer.
David Delene: To maturity or bigger cells, we have the feeder ones that are kind of growing.
David Delene: The turrets they sometimes row and then you've got these merger.
David Delene: With this bigger storm, so thank you see that part of the.
David Delene: storm.
David Delene: And then it's different health freshen.
David Delene: You know, strong productive complex cells build in emerging with the mature cell, you know, do you see that stuff sometimes you get in fire on and take a look at it for a while.
David Delene: You have a mind sometimes they converge into.
David Delene: And then, sometimes you have this awful boundary that can change your location aware that influence you gotta be careful, which part of a storm.
David Delene: You are on to get to this and we'll talk a little bit about that, with the case on July 8 is that try to get to where this info part of the storm is and that could call them kind of what they caught a backside of the storm.
David Delene: We don't have info.
Franklin Ramon: lines.
David Delene: Long lines about yourself.
storms.
David Delene: You know, you want to look at where the Info the new development is.
David Delene: Sorry, a typo there on lines of.
David Delene: on the front of it easier to swallow lines.
David Delene: A lot of times with these squads you have a serious.
David Delene: shield almost always.
David Delene: And these bigger squad lines, you can have shelf world crowds that are there.
David Delene: And the Info maybe more by discovered a crowd is 1000 associated with the the main.
David Delene: updraft or the of the storm, where the main line.
David Delene: That kind of would think he prowls in front of them or wrong side.
David Delene: So here's the pictures of what these look like.
David Delene: So here's your nice flow wine here, where you see all.
David Delene: The heavy convection here, so you got all these reds along here.
David Delene: Then you have your strategy rain time behind it, and so this is what it might look like from the airplane you see these lines of storms and then you see these turrets I co op hi So what is big tourists are would be where your.
David Delene: Your storms are, and you can get in you know, this is a nice one where you can kind of see it from the front side.
David Delene: You know if you get in the rain and behind is not so obvious where you are a lot of times so.
David Delene: You kind of have to keep that situational awareness of where you are in the storms.
David Delene: i'm.
David Delene: super cells are the big storms.
David Delene: So you see these that are single cells on the radar and the picture here in front from South Korea portion of the storms usually.
David Delene: And I think I.
David Delene: yeah so the delivery techniques and the vocations I gave you kind of a picture of the storms, but this is better to see exactly.
David Delene: Where you would want to put the seed in material where you want to deliver it.
David Delene: So rain increase.
David Delene: I mean best crowd top so you have these sort of exes here and here i'm.
David Delene: You know quiet that minus five minus 10.
David Delene: Make sure you're you know you got to penetrate into the storm, so you want to be stable before you penetrate it and then you want to find out what good water.
David Delene: And also, where the updrafts on so when you penetrate into stop you could see the water on windshield you have an instrument of measures that.
David Delene: An infielder updrafts so that that's where you wouldn't want to put the injectable for us into it and you can also do it down underneath with the vertical sections here.
David Delene: So this is a storm that doesn't have a lot of shares.
David Delene: to it.
David Delene: And then.
David Delene: I think we for top seed in a lot of times.
David Delene: We always do is 9270 turns.
David Delene: I love these for what i'm doing research and stuff so you kind of come back to the same area, so you can see what happens when we can do this record, we have research instruments on the aircraft.
David Delene: You know i've gone to you know us all liquid, then you put the seed in for his neck you come come back through and you see that is develop.
David Delene: In see it on the instruments we could see it on the windshield if you come back through the same area, so it is 9270 turns like this come back into that area, even though this you know everything's affected with the wins.
Okay.
David Delene: Trying it through this all but i'm almost done and I stopped questions.
and
David Delene: idea, you know, are these you know what are the different cells and stuff or would have been different.
David Delene: So you kind of have to put in August theory that it taught all semester into practice now.
David Delene: Think about where to get rid of materials, how to get into that area.
David Delene: And the types of stones, they are.
David Delene: So here's a Ford shared.
David Delene: system, you can see that it it kind of leans.
David Delene: To the fourth direction to the storms usually move from left to right here so it's leaning over what about.
David Delene: You got the zero degree wine, so you want to be above that but you're not in the biggest updraft you're not in the tops of the storms and is more multi celled feed yourselves that go into it.
David Delene: So you can't be down here with to warm and you don't want to be up here where is still not a lot of updrafts for develop.
David Delene: smooth out basis.
David Delene: You know a lot of times, if you grow, then we target 500 people voting power base.
David Delene: Just so that you don't get too close to the crowd and up into the one of these, so you can visually see what you're doing.
David Delene: A lot of times that's the basis we do these days race track patterns.
David Delene: If you see a car based go back and forth.
David Delene: So when we did this research, we would have these race track patterns and that would help us identify what part of the storm was seated.
David Delene: So we fly back and forth, and then notifies Okay, this is where the CD material went up, we can track that that folder seated.
David Delene: From what developed.
David Delene: Right and you can see what happened later on in the radar.
David Delene: Where it may not have shown up additional.
David Delene: yeah you want to hold the altitude so just the power setting so you know go up too high or too low, keep that phone and feet of water base.
David Delene: So there's that makes sense to kind of get that Oh, this is an animated show if it's stored is sort of like my would have airplane on here.
David Delene: My multi celled storm okay we're not in the.
David Delene: rain.
David Delene: Too much you want to be this new growth, we have a multi soundstage and then you have this right here is the serious and bold kind of see that serious shield on.
David Delene: You want to be underneath these faces of the thoughts.
David Delene: 14 is multi cells So you see the south developer on.
David Delene: wines.
David Delene: get bigger up got signup fee per minute.
David Delene: You know what stay away from the precipitation sheer but seven wild.
David Delene: racetrack added.
David Delene: And then you kind of move out the way from the the more mature South you get up drive.
David Delene: And you can see them from the top to.
David Delene: turn away from the line.
David Delene: Another one with this aligns with this.
David Delene: The fetus cells.
David Delene: In the Shell for the crowds.
David Delene: gentle up graph here, not in the main updrafts, and this would be the movement of that line see if you look back at the previous one, you got the rain and the hell.
David Delene: Back behind the storms, so you want to get up there, and particularly if it's moving towards the east right and you've got a protected area like if Tony want to do this and you want to get through that storm and just enter in that county so that the material get up in there.
David Delene: To do that.
David Delene: um.
David Delene: And then there's a couple for the biggest super cells that you can.
David Delene: You know, see that the cloud base but I don't want to be up at the top, so these big storms in a crowd base for that.
David Delene: So tried it and you can go over this.
David Delene: kind of a lot and with experience you know you kind of get to see what they look like.
David Delene: And that's why you know I think it's just best to go do it and fire people getting any see.
David Delene: What these different types of systems shifts situations are like so.
David Delene: So I got through with the oh That was my last slide where my word airplane for with a super cell.
David Delene: To get underneath the based and the seed with that.
David Delene: So what a better idea of where to seed and then on Thursday, hopefully, we have the radar data we have some pictures to show you one case where the airplane or subway or friends to our friends were trying to see the story of how successful they were.
David Delene: To get the right locations.
David Delene: And then we'll be done separately.
David Delene: So you guys go and come for the last.
David Delene: lecture of the Semester.